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　　考博题源和盘托出 学原汁原味英文

词汇难句各个击破 得实实在在高分

纵观如今考博资料的市场，关于考博的真题的书籍居多，分类讲解很少，且良莠不齐。然而真题的数量毕竟有限，难以达到考博学子的练习需求，如果寻找其他学校的真题来做，又缺乏针对性。针对此状况，一本针对性强、内容充实、解答详尽的考博真题辅助资料必将受到追捧。为此，我们通过详细分析全国多所重点高校历年考博英语文章的来源，找到源头，即相应的英文报刊，指出具体的时间和出处，考虑到考博真题文章的出现频次、难易程度以及题材的分布情况，我们将焦点集中在《时代周刊》、《新闻周刊》、《经济学人》、《科学美国人》四大题源报刊上，并从中选取文章作为阅读训练的内容，供考生平时学习之用。内容细而精、趣而博。文章原汁原味，时效性很强，所选文章的来源、题材和体裁都和考博英语真题高度接近，因而热点性、话题性、实用性兼具，所选文章不乏猜题的可能性

部分从题源文章到考博阅读真题的改编演示

北京大学2013年博士研究生入学考试英语试题

北京大学2012年博士研究生入学考试英语试题

第二部分题源报刊分类阅读

经济类

Passage OneEmerging Economies: The Great Deceleration 新兴经济体：大

减速

Passage TwoLaw of the Lend 借贷的法则

Passage ThreeAmericas JOBS Act Still Not Working—A Law Designed to Jumpstart Businesses Cant Get off the Ground 美国《就业法案》无济于事——一项旨在助推企业的法律却空有其名

Passage FourThe Missing $20 Trillion 消失的20万亿美元

Passage FiveIf in Doubt, Innovate 若质疑，则创新

Passage SixAmerica and China:Working Partners 美国与中国：生意伙伴

Passage SevenAmericas Central Bank Has Become Ever More Powerful Over the Past Century “百岁”的美联储

Passage EightEurope on the Rack 饱受折磨的欧洲

Passage NineFor the Oil and Gas Industry, Tax Reductions Were Overdue? 油气工业早应该减税？

Passage TenRestraining Spending： Congress Should Let the President Try 要控制开支，国会应该放手让总统一试

科技类

Passage OneNet Benefits 网络净收益

Passage TwoSelfawareness with a Simple Brain 简单大脑的自我意识

Passage ThreeEmotional Needs in Teens May Spur the Growth of New Brain Cells 青少年的情感需要可能会激发新的脑细胞生长

Passage FourDark Matter 寻寻觅觅暗物质

Passage FiveThe Alibaba Phenomenon 阿里巴巴现象

Passage SixGenetically Modified Tree: Into the Wildwood 天然林基因改良

Passage SevenRoboCup 机器人世界杯

Passage EightCivilian Drones on Unclear Course 民用无人机将何去何从？

Passage NinePesky Packing Peanuts Baked and Crushed to Make Battery Electrodes 物尽其用——泡沫填充颗粒作电极

Passage TenHow Does IQ Relate to Personality? 智力与个性有怎样的关联？

教育类

Passage OneShocks to the Brain Improve Mathematical Abilities 想要提高数学能力——刺激刺激大脑

Passage TwoLanguageteaching Firms: Linguists Online 在线语言专家

Passage ThreeHigher Education: Not What It Used to Be 高等教育：今时

不同往日

Passage FourTaking the Long View 高瞻远瞩

Passage FiveEducation and Class：Americas New Aristocracy 教育与阶级：美国的新权贵阶层

Passage SixPoverty，Crime and Education：The Paradox of the Ghetto 贫困、犯罪与教育——贫民窟的悖论

Passage Seven“Grandparenting” in Moderation Might Help Keep the Mind Sharp 适度的隔代教育可能有助于延缓大脑衰老

Passage EightSouth Koreas Education System 韩国的教育体制

Passage NineThe Economics Curriculum Is Evolving，But Too Slowly for Some 经济学课程不断发展，但对某些人来说节奏略慢

Passage TenSchool Reform：How to Tame a Trojan Horse 学校改革——如何

驯服一匹危机四伏之马

社会与生活类

Passage OneThe Lady Who Changed the World 改变世界的女人

Passage TwoDigital Family Trees 数字式家谱

Passage ThreeHow Plausible Are the Proposed Private Mars Missions? 私人火星旅行是否可行？

Passage FourNew Study of Foragers Undermines Claim That War Has Deep Evolutionary Roots 新研究显示战争并不根植于人类的进化过程

Passage FiveSocial Security with Chinese Characteristics 中国特色的社会保障

……

第三部分　考博英语模拟试题及答案详解

　　主编韩满玲,女，1969年出生。中国人民大学外国语学院副教授，中国人民大学外国语学院英语教研室副主任。长期从事考研英语教学辅导工作，总结出了一套快捷有效实用的阅读方法和答题技巧，使考生在应试中游刃余、稳得高分。

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　　部分从题源文章到考博阅读真题的改编演示

　　考博英语题源阅读一

　　部分从题源文章到考博阅读真题的改编演示

　　北京大学2013年博士研究生

　　入学考试英语试题

　　Part ⅣReading Comprehension

　　本篇阅读文章节选自2012年4月1日的Scientific American（《科学美国人》）上的一篇文章。真题省略了原文的主副标题，对原文的举例和补充阐释部分进行了适当的删改，替换了一部分超纲词汇，删除了一些与文章主题关联不大的细节。

　　What Science Wants to Know:

　　An Impenetrable Mountain of Facts Can Obscure the Deeper Questions①

　　①删除文章标题，不影响考生对文章的理解。

　　题1

　　Which of the following would most scholars agree to about Newton and science?

　　A.Newton was the only person who knew all the science in the 1600s.

　　B.Newtons laws of force and gravity dominated science for 350 years.

　　C.Since Newtons time, science has developed into a mountain of facts.

　　D.A high school student probably knows more science than Newton did.

　　Most scholars agree that Isaac Newton, while formulating the laws of force and gravity and inventing the calculus in the late 1600s, probably knew all the science there was to know at the time.In the ensuing 350 years an estimated 50 million research papers and innumerable books have been published in the natural sciences and mathematics.The modern high school student probably now possesses more scientific knowledge than Newton did, yet science to many people seems to be an impenetrable mountain of facts.

　　One way scientists have tried to cope with this mountain is by becoming more and more specialized,

　　with limited success.As a biologist, I wouldnt expect to get past the first two sentences of a physics paper.Even papers in immunology or cell biology mystify me—and so do some papers in my own field, neurobiology.Every day my expertise seems to get narrower.②So scientists have had to fall back on another strategy for coping with the

　　本题为细节题，考查对段各句话的理解。正确答案为D。

　　②删除作者以自己经历举例的部分。

　　③删除不重要语句，换作更简洁的表达方式。

　　④删除不重要细节，使行文简洁明了。

　　题2

　　Which of the following is best supported in this passage?

　　A.A scientist is a master of knowledge.

　　B.Knowledge generates better ignorance.

　　C.Ignorance is a sign of lack of education.

　　D.Good scientists are thoroughly ignorant.

　　本题为推理题，考查对第三段和第四段主要内容的理解，重点在第四段第四句。正确答案为B。

　　题3

　　Why is it a relief that science is about the questions more than the answers?

　　A.Because people like solving puzzles.

　　B.Because questions make science accessible.

　　C.Because there are more questions than answers.

　　D.Because questions point the way to deep answers.

　　本题为细节题，考查对第五段第二句的理解。正确答案为B。

　　⑤删除作者以自己经历为例进一步阐释的部分。

　　⑥将超纲词汇替换为其同义词，降低难度。

　　mountain of information:we（替换为is to）③ largely ignore it.

　　That shouldnt come as a surprise.Sure, you have to know a lot to be a scientist, but knowing a lot is not what makes a scientist.What makes a scientist is ignorance.This may sound ridiculous, but for scientists the facts are just a starting place.In science, every new discovery raises 10 new questions,as playwright George Bernard Shaw sardonically declared in a dinner toast to Albert Einstein.④

　　By this calculus, ignorance will always grow faster than knowledge.Scientists and laypeople alike would agree that for all we have come to know, there is far more we dont know.More important, every day there is far more we know we dont know.One crucial outcome of scientific knowledge is to generate new and better ways of being ignorant: not the kind of ignorance that is associated with a lack of curiosity or education but rather a cultivated, highquality ignorance.This gets to the essence of what scientists do: they make distinctions between qualities of ignorance.They do it in grant proposals and over beers at meetings.As James Clerk Maxwell, probably the greatest physicist between Newton and Einstein, said, “Thoroughly conscious ignorance…is a prelude to every real advance in knowledge.”

　　This perspective on science—that it is about the questions more than the answers—should come as something of a relief.It makes science less threatening and far more friendly and, in fact, fun.Science becomes a series of elegant puzzles and puzzles within puzzles—and who doesnt like puzzles? Questions are also more accessible and often more interesting than answers; answers tend to be the end of the process, whereas questions have you in the thick of things.I cant grasp much of immunology even though I have a fancy Ph.D., but the wonderful thing is that most immunologists cant either—no one knows everything anymore.I can, however, understand the questions that drive immunology.And although I dont

　　题4

　　The expression “take a backseat” probably means.

　　A.take a back place

　　B.have a different role

　　C.be of greater priority

　　D.become less important

　　本题为推断题，定位到第六段句可知D选项正确。

　　⑦删除不重要细节，使行文简洁明了。

　　题5

　　What is the authors greatest concern in the passage?

　　A.The involvemet of the public in science.

　　B.Scientists enjoyment of ignorance.

　　C.The accumulation of scientific knowledge.

　　D.Newtons standing in the history of science.

　　本题为推理题，考查对后一段的理解，从后一段中可以看出作者

　　的关注点在于公众对科学的参与。

　　⑧在上一段中作者已总结了观点并提出了建议，删除此段不影响文章的完整性。

　　pretend to understand much about quantum physics, I can appreciate how the questions in that field arise and why they are so fundamental.Emphasizing ignorance is inclusive; it makes everyone feel more equal in the same way the infinity of space pares everyone down to size.⑤

　　Of late（替换为Lately）⑥ this side of science has taken a backseat in the public mind to what I call the accumulation view of science—that it is a pile of facts way too big for us to ever hope to conquer.But if scientists would talk about the questions rather than boring your eyes out of their sockets with reams of jargon,

　　⑦

　　and if the media reported not only on new discoveries but the questions they answered and the new puzzles they created, and if educators stopped trafficking in facts that are already available on Wikipedia—then we might find a public once again engaged in this great adventure that has been going on for the past 15 generations.

　　So if you meet a scientist, dont ask her what she……

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